This includes common urologic conditions such as kidney or bladder stones, urinary complaints, frequent nighttime urination, blood in the urine, scrotal concerns, vaginal concerns, circumcision and vasectomy, among others.

Urinary leakage is also called “incontinence.” There are a variety of reasons that people may lose control of urine. For some, incontinence may be associated with frequent or urgent urination; this is known as urge urinary incontinence. For others, leakage may occur with specific activities, such as coughing and sneezing. This is known as stress urinary incontinence.

Learn more about urge incontinence

Learn more about stress incontinence

Overactive bladder (OAB) is the name for a group of urinary symptoms including sudden urge to urinate and frequent urination day and night. For some, OAB can include urinary leakage that is associated with the urge to urinate. As many as 30-40% of women suffer from OAB and urge incontinence.

Learn more about Overactive Bladder and urge incontinence

Urinary retention happens when urine is trapped in the bladder. This may happen with the bladder loses the ability to squeeze or if a blockage prevents urine from passing from the bladder into the urethra. Men and women often have different causes for retention due to different anatomy.

Learn More about urinary retention

People who experience nocturia wake up more than once at night to urinate. This may be caused by overall increased urine production, other bladder storage problems or other medical problems and often becomes more common with age.

Leakage of stool is called “fecal incontinence.” This can be caused by muscle weakness or pelvic floor anatomy problems, nerve damage or a loss of storage capacity in the rectum. Fecal incontinence is a difficult problem to discuss and many delay treatment for years.

Women who have vaginal prolapse have developed weakened pelvic support that allows the bladder, uterus and/ or the rectum to bulge into the vagina. This may cause a bothersome bulge from the vagina, pelvic pain and/ or pressure.

Bladder infections are more common in women than men and most experience an occasional infection. However, having more than three infections in a year is considered abnormal and could be a sign of underlying problems.

Some women experience pain in the bladder , vagina or lower abdomen that may be described as pressure, burning or throbbing sensation. In some cases the pain is brought on by intercourse. Pelvic pain syndromes may be frustrating for patients as the exact cause of pain is not always known.

The prostate is a male organ located at the base of the bladder. The prostate grows throughout life and can cause urinary problems for some men such as urinary blockage, frequent urination, urinary leakage or frequent urinary infections.

Erectile dysfunction occurs when men develop difficulty achieving and/ or maintaining an erection. This tends to be more common later in life and with certain medical conditions. Erectile dysfunction can cause increase in stress and relationship strains.